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Department of Surgery Department of Surgery
  1. Department of Surgery
  2. Divisions
  3. Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, Burns and Acute Care Surgery
  4. Research
  5. Integrated Research Laboratories in Human Inflammation
  6. Vagus Nerve and Inflammation

Vagus Nerve-Mediated Immunity

The capacity for the vagus nerve to regulate immune-homeostasis has been a focus of laboratory studies based on the significant insights into how stimulation of the vagus nerve can mediate the inflammatory setpoint in injury. Injury setpoint refers to the systemic inflammatory status either pre-/post-injury or during the course of care that may alter the immune response and account for different outcomes between individuals who suffer similar injuries. Studies in our laboratory have defined the ability of vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) to prevent intestinal inflammation and improve gut epithelial barrier function after injury. Intestinal inflammation following injury has previously been defined as the catalyst for the systemic inflammatory response to injury that can lead to organ failure and late deaths in injured patients. Our studies have identified enteric glia cells, a component of the enteric nervous system, as a candidate cell type that may mediate the gut protective effects of VNS. By harnessing the anti-inflammatory effects of enteric glia cell activation, we hope to develop therapeutics that may improve outcomes in patients following severe trauma and burn injury.

Publication Highlights

Targeting α-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in the enteric nervous system: A cholinergic agonist prevents gut barrier failure after severe burn injury. Costantini TW, Krzyzaniak M, Cheadle GA, Putnam JG, Hageny AM, Lopez N, Eliceiri BP, Bansal V, Coimbra R. Am J Pathol 2012 Aug;181(2):478-86.

Vagal nerve stimulation protects against burn-induced intestinal injury through activation of enteric glia cells. Costantini TW, Bansal V, Krzyzaniak MJ, Putnam JG, Peterson CY, Loomis WH, Wolf PL, Baird A, Eliceiri BP, Coimbra R. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2010 Dec;299(6):G1308-18. 

Vagal Nerve Stimulation Blocks Peritoneal Macrophage Inflammatory Responsiveness After Severe Burn Injury. Lopez NE, Krzyzaniak M, Costantini TW, De Maio A, Baird A, Eliceiri BP, Coimbra R. Shock 2012 Aug;38(3):294-300. 

Efferent vagal nerve stimulation attenuates acute lung injury following burn: The importance of the gut-lung axis. Krzyzaniak MJ, Peterson CY, Cheadle G, Loomis W, Wolf P, Kennedy V, Putnam JG, Bansal V, Eliceiri B, Baird A, Coimbra R. Surgery 2011 Sept; 150(3):379-89. 

Efferent vagal nerve stimulation attenuates gut barrier injury after burn: modulation of intestinal occludin expression. Costantini TW, Bansal V, Peterson CY, Loomis WH, Putnam JG, Rankin F, Wolf P, Eliceiri BP, Baird A, Coimbra R. 

Ghrelin prevents disruption of the blood-brain barrier after traumatic brain injury. Lopez N, Krzyzaniak M, Chelsea B, Ortiz-Pomales Y, Hageny AM, Eliceiri B, Coimbra R, Bansal V. Journal of Neurotrauma 2012 Jan 20;29(2):385-93.